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IPSAM – Adressing Intellectual Property Relevant Similarities In Images Through Algorithmic Decision Systems

JurisLab

(English version below)

 

La question de l’existence de similitudes pertinentes entre deux objets est centrale dans le droit de la propriété intellectuelle (PI). Extrêmement complexe, la réponse est entièrement laissée aux offices de PI et aux magistrats, respectivement dans le cadre de procédures administratives et judiciaires, sans véritables outils d’analyse.

Des systèmes de décision algorithmique (ADS) ont toutefois vu le jour, principalement développés par des entreprises privées, et font désormais l’objet d’une utilisation croissante aux fins de l’application des droits de PI (surveillance des marchandises contrefaites en ligne, filtrage de contenus) et de l’enregistrement par les offices.

Afin de limiter les biais et de sauvegarder les valeurs d’intérêt public associées à la PI, le développement de ces outils devrait idéalement être entrepris sous la supervision d’experts indépendants.

Dans cette optique, ce projet de recherches financé dans le cadre Actions de Recherches Concertées (ARC) et avec le soutien de l’Office Benelux de la Propriété Intellectuelle (OBPI) vise à concevoir un modèle ouvert, supervisé et transparent d’analyse des similitudes en PI (IPSAM), en se concentrant sur les images 2D. A travers ce projet interdisciplinaire, des juristes (JurisLab) et ingénieurs (LISA) examineront les défis méthodologiques, techniques, juridiques et éthiques de la construction de tels outils, afin de fournir une étude critique des solutions technologiques actuellement disponibles. Les résultats du projet permettront de contribuer de manière inédite aux débats autour de la régulation algorithmique en général et dans le domaine de la PI en particulier.

Promoteur : Julien Cabay

 

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The question whether two objects are similar in a relevant manner is core to intellectual property law (IP). The answer is extremely complex and entire left to IP Offices and judges, respectively in the frame of administrative and judicial proceedings, without any proper analytic tools.

Yet, algorithmic decision systems (ADS) are currently being developed and used by private companies for the purposes of IP enforcement (monitoring infringing goods online, filtering out content) and registration by IP Offices, outside of public scrutiny.

In order to limit biases and to safeguard public interest values associated with IP, ideally the development of such tools should be carried out under the supervision of independent experts.

In that regard, this research project funded under the ‘Actions de Recherches Concertées’ framework (ARC) and supported by the Benelux Office Office for Intellectual Property (BOIP) aims at proposing an open source, supervised and transparent model for IP Similary Assesment (IPSAM) in relation to 2D images. Through this interdisciplinary project, lawyers (JurisLab) and engineers (LISA) will review the methodological, technical, legal, and ethical challenges of building such tools, in order to provide a critical study of the currently available technological solutions. Expected findings of the project will make an original contribution to the general debate on algorithmic regulation and its ramification in the specific field of IP.

Promotor : Julien Cabay

 

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Publications :

Conferences :

  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Assessing IP Similarities Through Technology: A Trademark Exploration of Challenges and Avenues”, Webinar Artificial Intelligence Technology & Policy Talk organized by the Digital Law Center, University of Geneva, 4 November 2021 (video ; slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme,”Le recours à la technologie pour l’analyse des similitudes en matière de propriété intellectuelle: défis et perspectives en droit des marques”, Conférence du Centre de droit privé, ULB, 8 novembre 2021 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “AI-Powered Trademark Prior Art Search Tools: An Empirical Analysis ”, Conference  4th Waseda Brussels Conference – New Technologies and Regulation in Japan and Europe organized by the ULB and the Waseda University, Bip – House of the Capital Region, Brussels, 13 September 2022 (video ; slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme,  “Fundamental Rights, Copyright and Content Recognition (The Good, the Bad ant the Ugly?)”, Conférence lors de la Journée d’étude de l’Association belge pour le droit d’auteur (ABA) La transposition de la Directive 2019/790 sur le droit d’auteur et les droits voisins dans le marché unique numérique en droit belge, The Hotel, Bruxelles, 21 avril 2023 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Experimenting TDM (I, Robot ?)”, Conférence lors de la Journée d’étude de l’Association belge pour le droit d’auteur (ABA) La transposition de la Directive 2019/790 sur le droit d’auteur et les droits voisins dans le marché unique numérique en droit belge, The Hotel, Bruxelles, 21 avril 2023 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, “Artificial Intelligence, Intellectual Property and Fundamental Rights Intertwined – With some Lessons from IPSAM”, Webinar in the framework of the University Diploma Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property, Centre d’études internationales de la propriété intellectuelle (CEIPI), Université de Strasbourg,  23 January 2024 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Legally Blind? Findings on Transparency and Explainability through a Study of AI-powered TM Search Engines”, DRAILS Workshop, Université Catholique de Louvain, March 26, 2024 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Legally Blind? Findings on Transparency and Explainability through a Study of AI-powered TM Search Engines”, Midi du Centre de droit privé, Université libre de Bruxelles, March 27, 2024 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Legally Blind? Findings on Transparency and Explainability through a Study of AI-powered TM Search Engines”, Seminar on Trademarks and New Digital Technologies, Sciences Po Paris, March 28, 2024 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, “Computing Likelihood of Confusion? Lessons from IPSAM”, Trademark Law Institute Symposium on Proportitionality in Trademark Law, Maastricht University, 6-7 June 2024 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Deep Learning for the Purpose of Trademark Similarity Assessment”, Journée d’études L’Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles: Passé, Présent, Futur, ULB, 13 mars 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Deep Learning for the Purpose of Trademark Similarities Assessment in the EU and the Benelux”, Research Center for the Legal System of Intellectual Property (RCLIP) Evening Seminar, Waseda Univerity, Tokyo, 28 March 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Cross-Jurisdictional Development of AI-Powered Trademark Search Engines: A Comparison based on EU, Benelux and Japanese Trademarks”, 7th IP & Innovation Researchers of Asia (IPIRA) Conference, Waseda University, Tokyo, 5 April 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Algorithmic Confusion”, BrIAS Public Forum: Responsible AI, ULB-VUB, 28 April 2025 (slides ; video)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Computation of the Likelihood of Confusion Test”, AI & Trademarks workshop, City University of London, 9 June 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “Looking through the Crack in the Black Box: A Comparative Case Law Benchmark for Auditing AI-Powered Trade Mark Search Engines”, European Policy for Intellectual Property (EPIP) 2025 Conference, University of Antwerp, 12 September 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, “AI-Powered Trade Mark Search Engines & Computation of the Likelihood of Confusion Test”, Seminar on Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Theory, Law School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 5 November 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, “AI-Powered Trade Mark Search Engines & Computation of the Likelihood of Confusion Test”, Lawyers Innovative Training for European Law, Brussels Bar, Brussels, 5 December 2025 (slides)
  • J. Cabay, T. Vandamme, “AI-Powered Trade Mark Search Engines & Computation of the Likelihood of Confusion Test”, Research Seminar, IESEG Management School, Lille, 23 January 2026 (slides)

 

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